Phase 2 anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor trial comparing selective vs therapeutic lymph node dissection in melanoma

This study aims to determine non-inferiority in 2-year recurrence-free survival among Stage III melanoma patients receiving neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 immunotherapy (a checkpoint inhibitor that reactivates immune response) followed by either selective index lymph node resection or standard therapeutic lymph node dissection. Eligible patients are randomized to assess whether targeted removal of the largest affected node reduces complications and improves quality of life compared to full dissection. Melanoma Institute Australia sponsors this trial to optimize post-immunotherapy surgical management.