Camrelizumab (PD-1) + chemo delivers 33% pCR in resectable stage III NSCLC, with ctDNA flagging relapse early

Camrelizumab is an anti–PD-1 monoclonal antibody given here with platinum-based chemotherapy as 3-cycle neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in a single-arm Phase II study of resectable stage IIIA–IIIB NSCLC (n=30; 27 resected; 73% squamous), with pCR as the primary endpoint. pCR was 33.3% and MPR 50.0%; at median 27.2 months’ follow-up, 2-year DFS was 77.4%, with grade≥3 TRAEs in 13.3%—numerically in the same ballpark as perioperative PD-(L)1 + chemo benchmarks like neoadjuvant nivolumab+chemo in CheckMate 816 (pCR 24% vs 2.2% with chemo) and perioperative pembrolizumab+chemo in KEYNOTE-671 (improved EFS/OS vs chemo). Biomarker work linked pCR/DFS to higher baseline CD8+ and CD8+ naïve-like T cells (including spatial proximity in tumor nests), higher baseline circulating CCL3, and ctDNA kinetics; post-neoadjuvant ctDNA positivity predicted shorter DFS, and serial ctDNA detected relapse up to 17.6 months before radiographic progression (trial: NCT06241807).